The word ‘noise’ is derived from the Latin ‘nausea’ meaning a feeling of sickness at the stomach with an urge to vomit. Noise is now considered as a potential hazard to health and communication. Noise is defined as ‘unwanted sound’, ‘sound without value’ or ‘disagreeable sound’ and noise pollution is unwanted sound dumped into the environment without regard to the adverse effect it may have.

The noise pollution has already reached alarming situation in most of the metropolitan cities of the country. The increasing noise pollution may be attributed to increase in number of vehicles, urbanization and industrialization.

Water is one of the most important natural resources and a regular supply of clean water is essential for the survival of all living organisms. Water pollution has reached an alarming stage and soon something should be done to overcome this problem.

According to a WHO report, “of all environmental problems noise is the easiest to control.” But the question of control arises only after an awareness has been developed among the people that the noise is a public nuisance and a danger to mental and physical health and therefore its control is necessary.

The acid rain problem has become a matter of increasing concern in some European countries and USA and Canada since 1950s. The acid rain has a pH as low as 4 or 4.5. Acid rain problem can be attributed mainly to atmospheric pollutants such as oxides of sulphur and nitrogen.

Wild life is defined as “The cultivated flora and the undomesticated fauna amongst the plants and animals.” Wild life includes 350 species of mammals, 1200 species and 2100 sub species of bird and more than 20,000 species of insects.

Water is one of the most important climatic factors. It affects the vital processes of all the living beings. It is the plenary agent that sets in motion the nutrients of the soil and makes them available to plants. It affects the morphology and physiology of the plants. It is combination with other factors regulates the structure and distribution of plant communities.

The amount of radioactivity in this atomic age has increased in the environment many folds as compared to Thirties and Forties. According to one authority, man may be already having radioactive cesium in his muscles, radioactive strontium in his bones and radioactive iodine in his thyroid indicating the extent of radioactive pollution.

One of the most serious aspects of the problem arises from the impact of economic efforts of mankind especially for the purpose of maintaining its existence, protection, survival, and betterment of the standard of living.

The earth is enveloped by a gaseous layer called atmosphere. Gaseous mantle forming atmosphere extends into outer space some 1000 km or so above the earth surface. It maintains contact with all the major types of environment of earth, interacting with them and greatly affecting their ability to support life. It is a reservoir of several elements essential to life.